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This section gives you some idea about some of the most common terms used in pipe fittings, flanges and valves.
A:
Adapter: A fitting needed for changing from one type of end condition to another.
Alloy steel: Refers to steel that has a substantial content of elements other than carbon and the generally accepted levels of manganese, sulfur, silicon and phosphor. These elements are added to raise the strength, hardness or chemical resistance of the steel. A fitting needed for changing from one type of end condition to another.
ANSI: American National Standards. A piping specification.
ASME: American Society of Mechanical Engineers. A piping specification.
ASTM: American Society for Testing Materials. A piping specification.
Ambient Temperature: The average temperature of the atmosphere in the area of an appliance.
Aqueous: Containing water
B:
Ball valve: Opens by turning a handle attached to a ball inside the valve.
BSP: British Standard Piping. A piping specification.
Bushing: A pipe fitting, threaded on both the inside and outside, used for joining pipes with different diameters together.
Bulkhead fitting: Used to attach flexible pipes with the help of male adapters.
C:
Coupling:A fitting that joins two pieces of pipe.
Cast Iron: Metal formed by casting in molds.
Compression Fitting: A sealed pipe connection without soldering.
Cross: Used for 4-way branch connections.
Chrome moly: a range of low alloy steels used, for example, to produce tubing for bicycle frames and race-car roll cages.
E:
Elbows: Change direction of pipe.
F:
Ferrule: Consists of a circular clamp which is used to hold together.
Female thread: Threaded on the outside.
Flange: A type of pipe fitting that connects via nuts and bolts.
G:
Gate valve: It is a type of valve having a gate that moves perpendicular to flow of the service.
Globe valve: Linear motion valves with spherical design.
Galvanized steel : A steel that has been coated with a thin layer of zinc in order to provide better corrosion resistance. Used in garbage cans, storage tanks, underbody auto parts and more.
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H:
Hollow plug: A hollow plug is a valve used to restrict or prevent the flow of a liquid or gas through a pipe.
Hex plug: The hex pipe plug is threaded in the end and the top of the plug takes a hexagon shape.
I:
I.D.: Inside diameter. All pipes are sized according to their inside diameter.
J:
Joint thread: A connection in which the internal and external fittings are threaded and they are also screwed together.
L:
Lap joint flange: Flanges are used on piping fitted with with lapped pipe or with lap joint stub ends.
Large size Flanges: Flange connection may need to withstand very high tensile, compression, torsion, shear strength, carbon steel flange is the better choice.
M:
Male thread: Threaded on the inside.
N:
Nipple: A length of straight pipe with male threads on both ends.
NW Long Weld Neck Flanges:The weld neck flange is very resistant to dishing and has a very sturdy connection because it has the pipe along with the tapered hub.
O:
O.D.: Outside diameter. All pipes are sized according to their outside diameter.
Orifice flange: Flanges where orifice plate or flow nozzle is used.
P:
Pipe fittings: Available in various shapes, sizes and materials, they are used to connect pipes.
Plug: Cap end inserted into the end of tubing to dead-end the flow.
R:
Reducer: A fitting that connects pipes of different sizes.
Rigid coupling: Used to connect rotating members such as shafts.
S:
Sanitary Fitting: Fittings used to join the assorted pipes in a drain, waste and vent system.
Sleeve: A fitting with a base plate and attached to a sleeve portion.
Stop Valve: A valve that controls the flow of water.
T:
Tee: A T-shaped pipe fitting with three openings used to create branch lines.
Threaded Flanges: Flanges are confined to special applications.
U:
Union: Three-piece fitting that joins two sections of pipe and they also can be disconnected without cutting the pipe.
W:
Wye: A Y-shaped fitting with three openings used to create branch lines.
Wire Seal Flange Gaskets and Bolt Sets: The flange gaskets used here have a flat surface that is compressed between two flanges.
Y:
Y-Type Strainer: Y-Strainer are special devices, used for mechanically removing solids from flowing liquids or gases by using a perforated or wire mesh straining element/equipment.